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| List: Carolina-Leps Date: Sun, 12 Jul 2026 09:14:10 -0400 From: Harry LeGrand (via carolinaleps Mailing List) <carolinaleps...> Subject: Re: Question about Azures food plants |
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--Apple-Mail-5C5C7D8C-CB4A-4543-9375-FB60A1ED5D39 Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable <html class=3D"apple-mail-supports-explicit-dark-mode"><head><meta http-equ= iv=3D"content-type" content=3D"text/html; charset=3Dutf-8"></head><body dir= =3D"auto"><div dir=3D"ltr">=EF=BB=BF<meta http-equiv=3D"content-type" conte= nt=3D"text/html; charset=3Dutf-8">The other point to mention is that at the= elevation of the South Mountains, in the 2000-2200 foot range perhaps, App= alachian Azures should be flying from late April to maybe late May or early= June. It seems too late for the single-brooded Appy females to look fresh = in early July, as in Will=E2=80=99s photo. </div><div dir=3D"ltr"><br>= </div><div dir=3D"ltr">Obviously, there is still much to know about azure s= pecies, a few still being described. And it is uncomfortable to just = =E2=80=9Cdump=E2=80=9D large female azures like this into the catch-a= ll Summer Azure pile. We don=E2=80=99t see or report large Summer Azures do= wnstate in the Carolinas! Yes, size is a judgement call, and females = do not puddle on the ground like males where we can see large ones (presume= d Appy) next to small ones (Spring or Summer). Females are always see= n solo. Maybe in the middle and higher elevations some female Summer Azures= grow quite large. A lot still to learn!</div><div dir=3D"ltr"><br></div><d= iv dir=3D"ltr">Harry LeGrand </div><div dir=3D"ltr">Raleigh</div><div = dir=3D"ltr"><br id=3D"lineBreakAtBeginningOfSignature"><div dir=3D"ltr">Sen= t from my iPhone</div><div dir=3D"ltr"><br><blockquote type=3D"cite">On Jul= 10, 2026, at 8:30=E2=80=AFAM, Jeff Pippen <<carolinaleps...>> wr= ote:<br><br></blockquote></div><blockquote type=3D"cite"><div dir=3D"ltr">= =EF=BB=BF<meta http-equiv=3D"content-type" content=3D"text/html; charset=3D= utf-8">Lepsters,<div><br></div><div>In the FWIW department, jhere is how Go= ogle's Gemini AI answered the question:</div><div>=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80= =94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94= =E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94</div><div><= br></div><div><div class=3D"n6owBd awi2gc" data-sfc-cp=3D"" jsaction=3D"" j= scontroller=3D"TDBkbc#Ml18Xb" data-sfc-root=3D"ep" jsuid=3D"eR0ald_i" data-= sfc-cb=3D"" data-hveid=3D"CAIIAAgECAYQAA" data-complete=3D"true" data-copy-= service-computed-style=3D"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font= -size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 16px; text-decoration: none;= border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);" style=3D"font-size: 16px; font-family= : "Google Sans", Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px 0px 16px; border-= bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);"><span data-subtree=3D"aimfl,mfl" data-copy-se= rvice-computed-style=3D"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-s= ize: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bot= tom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);" style=3D"margin: 0px; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10,= 10, 10);">"The </span><strong class=3D"Yjhzub" jsaction=3D"" jscontro= ller=3D"zYmgkd#vvzi1e" data-sfc-root=3D"ep" jsuid=3D"eR0ald_j" data-sfc-cb= =3D"" data-complete=3D"true" data-copy-service-computed-style=3D"font-famil= y: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margi= n: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);" style= =3D"font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);">App= alachian Azure</strong> (<em class=3D"eujQNb" jsaction=3D"" jscontroll= er=3D"yHWXO#Mkm8ud" data-sfc-root=3D"ep" jsuid=3D"eR0ald_k" data-sfc-cb=3D"= " data-complete=3D"true" data-copy-service-computed-style=3D"font-family: G= oogle Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0= px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);" style=3D"ma= rgin: 0px; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);">Celastrina neglectamajor</e= m>) uses <strong class=3D"Yjhzub" jsaction=3D"" jscontroller=3D"zYmgkd= #vvzi1e" data-sfc-root=3D"ep" jsuid=3D"eR0ald_l" data-sfc-cb=3D"" data-comp= lete=3D"true" data-copy-service-computed-style=3D"font-family: Google Sans,= Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-de= coration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);" style=3D"font-weight: = 700; margin: 0px; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);">black cohosh</strong= > (<em class=3D"eujQNb" jsaction=3D"" jscontroller=3D"yHWXO#Mkm8ud" da= ta-sfc-root=3D"ep" jsuid=3D"eR0ald_m" data-sfc-cb=3D"" data-complete=3D"tru= e" data-copy-service-computed-style=3D"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, san= s-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: n= one; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);" style=3D"margin: 0px; border-bott= om: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);">Actaea racemosa</em>) as its <strong class= =3D"Yjhzub" jsaction=3D"" jscontroller=3D"zYmgkd#vvzi1e" data-sfc-root=3D"e= p" jsuid=3D"eR0ald_n" data-sfc-cb=3D"" data-complete=3D"true" data-copy-ser= vice-computed-style=3D"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-si= ze: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bott= om: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);" style=3D"font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; border-bo= ttom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);">exclusive caterpillar host plant</strong>. = ;<mark jsuid=3D"eR0ald_o" class=3D"HxTRcb" jsaction=3D"click:&eR0ald_o|= h5M12e;mouseenter:&eR0ald_o|sbHm2b;mouseleave:&eR0ald_o|Tx5Rb;rcuQ6= b:&eR0ald_o|npT2md" jscontroller=3D"DfH0l#VLQhtf" data-sfc-root=3D"ep" = data-wiz-uids=3D"eR0ald_p" data-sfc-cb=3D"" data-ved=3D"2ahUKEwjfl-zmjMiVAx= XZlYkEHXHkMPMQuJAPegoIAggACAQIBhAB" data-complete=3D"true" data-sfc-inited= =3D"2" data-copy-service-computed-style=3D"font-family: Google Sans, Arial,= sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px; text-decoratio= n: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(0, 29, 53);" style=3D"margin: 0px; border-b= ottom: 0px rgb(0, 29, 53);">Females lay eggs almost entirely on its unopene= d flower spikes</mark>. [<a href=3D"https://alabama.butterflyatlas.usf= .edu/species/details/38/appalachian-azure" originalSrc=3D"https://alabama.b= utterflyatlas.usf.edu/species/details/38/appalachian-azure">1</a>, <a = href=3D"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appalachian_azure" originalSrc=3D"htt= ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appalachian_azure">2</a>, <a href=3D"http:/= /watchingtheseasons.blogspot.com/2011/06/azure-phenology-and-appalachian-az= ure.html" originalSrc=3D"http://watchingtheseasons.blogspot.com/2011/06/azu= re-phenology-and-appalachian-azure.html">3</a>]</div><div class=3D"n6owBd a= wi2gc" data-sfc-cp=3D"" jsaction=3D"" jscontroller=3D"TDBkbc#Ml18Xb" data-s= fc-root=3D"ep" jsuid=3D"eR0ald_z" data-sfc-cb=3D"" data-hveid=3D"CAIIAAgECA= kQAA" data-complete=3D"true" data-copy-service-computed-style=3D"font-famil= y: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margi= n: 12px 0px 16px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10)= ;" style=3D"font-size: 16px; font-family: "Google Sans", Arial, s= ans-serif; margin: 12px 0px 16px; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);"><str= ong class=3D"Yjhzub" jsaction=3D"" jscontroller=3D"zYmgkd#vvzi1e" data-sfc-= root=3D"ep" jsuid=3D"eR0ald_10" data-sfc-cb=3D"" data-complete=3D"true" dat= a-copy-service-computed-style=3D"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-seri= f; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; b= order-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);" style=3D"font-weight: 700; margin: 0px;= border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);">Summer Azures</strong> (<em clas= s=3D"eujQNb" jsaction=3D"" jscontroller=3D"yHWXO#Mkm8ud" data-sfc-root=3D"e= p" jsuid=3D"eR0ald_11" data-sfc-cb=3D"" data-complete=3D"true" data-copy-se= rvice-computed-style=3D"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-s= ize: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bot= tom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);" style=3D"margin: 0px; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10,= 10, 10);">Celastrina neglecta</em>) do not rely on it as a primary host, b= ut they occasionally lay eggs on black cohosh. However, unlike <em cla= ss=3D"eujQNb" jsaction=3D"" jscontroller=3D"yHWXO#Mkm8ud" data-sfc-root=3D"= ep" jsuid=3D"eR0ald_12" data-sfc-cb=3D"" data-complete=3D"true" data-copy-s= ervice-computed-style=3D"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-= size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bo= ttom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);" style=3D"margin: 0px; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10= , 10, 10);">Celastrina neglectamajor</em> caterpillars, <em class= =3D"eujQNb" jsaction=3D"" jscontroller=3D"yHWXO#Mkm8ud" data-sfc-root=3D"ep= " jsuid=3D"eR0ald_13" data-sfc-cb=3D"" data-complete=3D"true" data-copy-ser= vice-computed-style=3D"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-si= ze: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bott= om: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);" style=3D"margin: 0px; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, = 10, 10);">Celastrina neglecta</em> larvae are <strong class=3D"Yj= hzub" jsaction=3D"" jscontroller=3D"zYmgkd#vvzi1e" data-sfc-root=3D"ep" jsu= id=3D"eR0ald_14" data-sfc-cb=3D"" data-complete=3D"true" data-copy-service-= computed-style=3D"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1= 6px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0= px rgb(10, 10, 10);" style=3D"font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; border-bottom:= 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);">unable to survive on this food plant for long</stron= g>. [<a href=3D"https://guides.nynhp.org/appalachian-azure/" originalS= rc=3D"https://guides.nynhp.org/appalachian-azure/">1</a>, <a href=3D"h= ttps://www.instagram.com/p/DZYIcfwlMGR/" originalSrc=3D"https://www.instagr= am.com/p/DZYIcfwlMGR/">2</a>]</div><div data-bfc=3D"" data-ved=3D"2ahUKEwjf= l-zmjMiVAxXZlYkEHXHkMPMQi4wTegoIAggACAQIDRAA" data-copy-service-computed-st= yle=3D"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-w= eight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, = 10, 10);" style=3D"font-size: 16px; font-family: "Google Sans", A= rial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);"><div cl= ass=3D"n6owBd awi2gc" data-sfc-cp=3D"" jsaction=3D"" jscontroller=3D"TDBkbc= #Ml18Xb" data-sfc-root=3D"ep" jsuid=3D"eR0ald_1d" data-sfc-cb=3D"" data-hve= id=3D"CAIIAAgECA0QAQ" data-complete=3D"true" data-copy-service-computed-sty= le=3D"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-we= ight: 400; margin: 12px 0px 16px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px= rgb(10, 10, 10);" style=3D"margin: 12px 0px 16px; border-bottom: 0px rgb(1= 0, 10, 10);">Because of these behavioral and dietary differences, experts n= ote that the presence of caterpillars alone is insufficient proof of the Ap= palachian Azure; they must be verified by specific lifecycle traits and fli= ght periods. You can read more about identifying these species through the&= nbsp;<span jsuid=3D"eR0ald_1e" data-sfc-cp=3D"" jsaction=3D"mouseenter:&= ;eR0ald_1e|WOQqYb;mouseleave:&eR0ald_1e|Tx5Rb;focusin:&eR0ald_1e|mr= wrPd;focusout:&eR0ald_1e|mFndSc;pointerdown:&eR0ald_1e|FEiYhc;click= :&eR0ald_1e|C6aVhd;" jscontroller=3D"KMhGd#Mx1qPe" data-sfc-root=3D"ep"= data-sfc-cb=3D"" data-complete=3D"true" data-sfc-inited=3D"2" data-copy-se= rvice-computed-style=3D"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-s= ize: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bot= tom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);" style=3D"margin: 0px; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10,= 10, 10);"><a class=3D"H23r4e" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener" data-ved= =3D"2ahUKEwjfl-zmjMiVAxXZlYkEHXHkMPMQy_kOegoIAggACAQIDRAC" data-hveid=3D"CA= IIAAgECA0QAg" href=3D"https://guides.nynhp.org/appalachian-azure/" original= Src=3D"https://guides.nynhp.org/appalachian-azure/" data-sb=3D"/url?sa=3Di&= amp;source=3Dweb&rct=3Dj&url=3Dhttps://guides.nynhp.org/appalachian= -azure/&ved=3D2ahUKEwjfl-zmjMiVAxXZlYkEHXHkMPMQy_kOegoIAggACAQIDRAC&= ;opi=3D89978449&cd&psig=3DAOvVaw3Hjz2AIxbVdvax2sooP3hS&ust=3D17= 83772575067000" aria-label=3D"Appalachian Azure Guide. Link preview. Site: = New York Natural Heritage Program. Title: Appalachian Azure Guide - New Yor= k Natural Heritage Program. URL: https://guides.nynhp.org/appalachian-azure= /." data-copy-service-computed-style=3D"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sa= ns-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px; text-decoration: = underline 1px rgb(26, 13, 171); border-bottom: 0px rgb(26, 13, 171);" style= =3D"margin: 0px; text-decoration: underline; border-bottom: 0px rgb(26, 13,= 171);">Appalachian Azure Guide</a></span> via the New York Natural He= ritage Program. [<a href=3D"https://guides.nynhp.org/appalachian-azure= /" originalSrc=3D"https://guides.nynhp.org/appalachian-azure/">1</a>, = <a href=3D"https://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/woodland/plants/black_cohos= h.htm" originalSrc=3D"https://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/woodland/plants/= black_cohosh.htm">2</a>, <a href=3D"https://www.piedmontmastergardener= s.org/article/black-cohosh-and-dolls-eyes-tall-shade-loving-and-native/" or= iginalSrc=3D"https://www.piedmontmastergardeners.org/article/black-cohosh-a= nd-dolls-eyes-tall-shade-loving-and-native/">3</a>]"</div></div><div>=E2=80= =94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94= =E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94</d= iv><div><br></div><div>Most of this info comes from the NY Natural Heritage= Program website. </div><div><br></div><div>Have a good weekend everyo= ne!</div><div><br></div><div>Jeff</div><div><div><div dir=3D"auto" style=3D= "overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-whi= te-space;"><div dir=3D"auto" style=3D"overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nb= sp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir=3D"auto" style=3D"= overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-whit= e-space;"><div dir=3D"auto" style=3D"overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbs= p-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir=3D"auto" style=3D"o= verflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white= -space;"><div dir=3D"auto" style=3D"overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp= -mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir=3D"auto" style=3D"ov= erflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-= space;"><div dir=3D"auto" style=3D"overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-= mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div style=3D"overflow-wrap: b= reak-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div s= tyle=3D"overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: af= ter-white-space;"><div style=3D"overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mod= e: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div>--</div><div>Jeffrey S. Pipp= en</div><div>Mebane, NC</div><div>Research Specialist, Georgetown Universit= y</div><div>Director, <a href=3D"https://www.jeffpippen.com/butterflie= s/carolinasbmp/carbmp-protocols.htm" originalSrc=3D"https://www.jeffpippen.= com/butterflies/carolinasbmp/carbmp-protocols.htm">Carolinas Butterfly Moni= toring Program</a> | <a href=3D"https://www.thebutt= erflynetwork.org/" originalSrc=3D"https://www.thebutterflynetwork.org/">N. = Am. Butterfly Monitoring Network</a> | <a href=3D"h= ttps://www.jeffpippen.com/" originalSrc=3D"https://www.jeffpippen.com/">Jef= f=E2=80=99s Nature Pages</a></div><div><br></div></div></div></div></div></= div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div><br></div><div><br= ></div><div><blockquote type=3D"cite"><div>On Jul 7, 2026, at 8:53=E2=80=AF= AM, Pete Dixon <<pete555eliot...>> wrote:</div><br class=3D"Appl= e-interchange-newline"><div><div dir=3D"auto">Interesting you brought this = up. I recently saw an Azure ovipositing on black cohosh blossom which was d= ime sized. So my assumptions about appy=E2=80=99s being big are definitely = questionable. Pete</div><div><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote gmail_quot= e_container"><div dir=3D"ltr" class=3D"gmail_attr">On Tue, Jul 7, 2026 at 8= :47=E2=80=AFAM Jeff Pippen <<a href=3D"mailto:<carolinaleps...>">car= <olinaleps...></a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote= " style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><= div style=3D"line-break:after-white-space">Hi All,<div><br></div><div>Great= photo and question, Guy!! You most certainly have an Appalachian Azu= re there. Because of the challenges with azure ID, I think flight tim= es are still being elucidated, but according to azure experts, Appy Azure c= an fly into July. In fact, Ryan Chaffee and I found two MALE Appy Azu= res in the Green Mountain area of NC last week, so they are still =E2=80=9C= on the wing=E2=80=9D in some places for sure.</div><div><br></div><div>Here= =E2=80=99s the excerpt about flight times from the Butterflies of NC websit= e:</div><div><br></div><div><span style=3D"font-family:-webkit-standard;fon= t-size:medium">FLIGHT PERIOD: A single brood; late April into mid-July, dep= ending on elevation. The flight period occurs in the "valley" between the b= rood of the Spring Azure and the first major brood of the Summer Azure. Tha= t is, when the males of Appalachian Azures begin to appear from late April = to mid-May, generally only females of Spring Azures and first-brood Summer = Azures are present. Female Appalachian Azures fly mainly from late May to e= arly July; in fact, Harry Pavulaan states that Appalachian Azures fly well = into July in the higher elevations in the Smokies. Males are probably finis= hed flying by mid-June, at least in the lower elevations. Male Summer Azure= s generally emerge as male Appalachians become worn and thus primarily fly = during the flight of female Appalachians. Thus, the statement that Appalach= ian Azure flies in the gap between the first and second broods of the Sprin= g Azure complex is an over-simplification, as this gap is not a long one, a= nd much overlapping with the single brood of Appalachian Azure occurs.</spa= n></div><div><font face=3D"-webkit-standard" size=3D"3"><br></font></div><d= iv><font face=3D"-webkit-standard" size=3D"3">Cheers,</font></div><div><fon= t face=3D"-webkit-standard" size=3D"3">Jeff</font></div><div><div> <div dir=3D"auto" style=3D"letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-= indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = text-decoration: none; line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir=3D"auto" st= yle=3D"letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-tr= ansform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: non= e; line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir=3D"auto" style=3D"letter-spacin= g: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white= -space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: none; line-break: after= -white-space;"><div dir=3D"auto" style=3D"letter-spacing: normal; text-alig= n: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word= -spacing: 0px; text-decoration: none; line-break: after-white-space;"><div = dir=3D"auto" style=3D"letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-inden= t: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; text-= decoration: none; line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir=3D"auto" style= =3D"letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-trans= form: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: none; = line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir=3D"auto" style=3D"letter-spacing: = normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-sp= ace: normal; word-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: none; line-break: after-wh= ite-space;"><div dir=3D"auto" style=3D"letter-spacing: normal; text-align: = start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-sp= acing: 0px; text-decoration: none; line-break: after-white-space;"><div sty= le=3D"letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-tra= nsform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; line-break: after-whi= te-space;"><div style=3D"letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-in= dent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; li= ne-break: after-white-space;"><div style=3D"letter-spacing: normal; text-al= ign: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; wo= rd-spacing: 0px; line-break: after-white-space;"><div>--</div><div>Jeffrey = S. Pippen</div><div>Mebane, NC</div><div>Research Specialist, Georgetown Un= iversity</div><div>Director, <a href=3D"https://www.jeffpippen.com/but= terflies/carolinasbmp/carbmp-protocols.htm" originalSrc=3D"https://www.jeff= pippen.com/butterflies/carolinasbmp/carbmp-protocols.htm" target=3D"_blank"= >Carolinas Butterfly Monitoring Program</a> | <a hr= ef=3D"https://www.thebutterflynetwork.org/" originalSrc=3D"https://www.theb= utterflynetwork.org/" target=3D"_blank">N. Am. Butterfly Monitoring Network= </a> | <a href=3D"https://www.jeffpippen.com/" orig= inalSrc=3D"https://www.jeffpippen.com/" target=3D"_blank">Jeff=E2=80=99s Na= ture Pages</a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><= /div></div> </div> <div><br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><div>On Jul 7, 2026, at 8:31=E2=80=AFAM,= <a href=3D"mailto:<badgerboy...>" target=3D"_blank">badgerboy@wilkes= .net</a> wrote:</div><br><div> =20 =20 =20 <div><p>Will Summer Azures ever oviposit on Black Cohosh? My references appear to say no, but other experience would be appreciated. See my iNat report of a presumed Appalachian Azure with pics of it ovipositing on Black Cohosh <a href=3D"https://www.inaturalist.org/ob= servations/379047596" originalSrc=3D"https://www.inaturalist.org/observatio= ns/379047596" target=3D"_blank">here</a>. Its pretty late in the season for them.</p> <div>Guy (McGrane, Boone NC)</div> </div> </div></blockquote></div><br></div></div></blockquote></div></div> </div></blockquote></div><br></div></div></blockquote></div></body></html>= --Apple-Mail-5C5C7D8C-CB4A-4543-9375-FB60A1ED5D39-- |
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