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| List: MassLep Date: Sat, 23 Apr 2022 16:30:28 -0400 From: Jeremy Coleman <jcolemanarch...> Subject: Re: [MassLep] The difference between Spring Azure and spring form Summer Azure |
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--0000000000007d0f8405dd58374c Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Thanks Harry Pavulaan for this timely and important report. It is much appreciated! Jeremy Coleman Shelburne Falls On Sat, Apr 23, 2022 at 12:37 PM pavulaan via MassLep < <masslep...> wrote: > Spring greetings: > > I=E2=80=99m pleased to announce publication of The Taxonomic Report Vol. = 10, No. > 2. This is a TTR =E2=80=98Notes on Eastern North American Lepidoptera=E2= =80=99 issue with > three reports. I am forwarding this to Masslep because I've seen more > frequent images of what appear to be spring form Summer Azures appearing = in > New England. Hopefully, the attached paper will help folks distinguish > Summer Azures flying among Spring Azures. In many areas of the Virginia > and Maryland Piedmont, Spring Azures (C. ladon) have disappeared due to > demise of their host, Flowering Dogwood, due to Dogwood Anthracnose. The > Summer Azure (C. neglecta) has developed a full spring brood and has > essentially become our "Spring Azure", thus replacing the original Spring > Azure in its ecological niche. > > > 1. =E2=80=98*Celastrina ladon* and *C. neglecta* are distinct species > differentiated primarily by a diagnostic wing scale structure, voltini= sm, > and host tolerance of *Cornus florida*=E2=80=99 by Harry Pavulaan. > > > While most people in the realm of butterfly study/observation now > recognize the Spring (*C. ladon*) and Summer (*C. neglecta*) Azures as > distinct species, there is still confusion over how to distinguish them > from each other. There are also =E2=80=9Choldouts=E2=80=9D that, despite= several papers on > the topic and most field guides now separating these as full species =E2= =80=93 > still insist that the differences are merely individual variation and nee= d > more =E2=80=9Cproof=E2=80=9D to understand the clear differences. This p= aper attempts, in > the clearest terms, to present these obvious differences. An especial > thanks to members of MDLepsOdes who provided a great many =E2=80=9CSpring= =E2=80=9D Azure > images (most of which happened to be Summer Azures). It was difficult > deciding which =E2=80=9Clive=E2=80=9D images to use in the paper. > > One word of caution for Massachusetts butterfliers: Spring Azures (C. > ladon) take on the appearance of C. lucia (Northern Spring Azure) in > southern New England. They frequently develop both dark patches and dark > margins on the underside of the hindwings, as well as just showing the > spotted form (which is illustrated in the attached paper). However, it i= s > the male forewing upperside that distinguishes the Spring Azure. When on= e > encounters a spring form Summer Azure (C. neglecta), these are > characterized by their very white underside and reduced spot pattern. Th= ey > will fly among the Spring Azures. Not to be confused with the Cherry Gal= l > Azure (C. serotina), that appears similar to both Spring and Summer > Azures, but emerges later - in May. > > DNA work has been underway on all North American Azures and will be > published sometime soon. Regardless of similar appearances, the study > supports separating these as full species. > > > 1. =E2=80=98A rare case of mosaic gynandromorphism in the Zabulon Skip= per (*Lon > zabulon*)=E2=80=99 by Annette Allor. > > > This was a fascinating discovery last year by Annette Allor. It is a rar= e > case of mixed male/female features in a Skipper butterfly, and may be the > only published case of this happening in North America among the Skippers= , > though there is one case of bilateral gynandromorphism that I am aware of= . > This report also highlights the value of photographic documentation of > natural history experiences. My thanks to Annette for bringing this to m= y > attention! > > > 1. =E2=80=98Rhode Island, USA Fall Lepidoptera Survey 2021=E2=80=99 by= Harry Pavulaan > (coordinator)=E2=80=99. > > > While butterfly counts abound, mainly around July 4th, an attempt was > made to document lepidoptera activity in the Fall of 2021, in Rhode > Island. The survey period focused on Sept. 18-Oct. 10, a time during whi= ch > lepidopteran migratory activity is at a peak, and fall broods are in full > flight. A complete list from several direct participants is compiled, an= d > additional reports from iNaturalist and the R.I. Butterflies and Moths > Facebook group are included. > > Thanks to all who have provided support to TILS! > > Harry Pavulaan > > Sent from Mail <https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=3D550986> for > Windows > > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "MassLep" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to masslep+<unsubscribe...> > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/masslep/424788534.347689.1650731858666%= 40mail.yahoo.com > <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/masslep/424788534.347689.1650731858666= %40mail.yahoo.com?utm_medium=3Demail&utm_source=3Dfooter> > . > --=20 You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "= MassLep" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an e= mail to masslep+<unsubscribe...> To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/= masslep/CAOn0--mc%3DMEavo-oz71VHN08VKN5%2BNAu9zhg19%<2BJ4VP0wYxcww...>= ail.com. --0000000000007d0f8405dd58374c Content-Type: text/html; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable <div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_default" style=3D"font-size:small">Tha= nks=20 <font size=3D"2">Harry Pavulaan for this timely and important report. It is= much appreciated!</font></div><div class=3D"gmail_default" style=3D"font-s= ize:small"><font size=3D"2"><br></font></div><div class=3D"gmail_default" s= tyle=3D"font-size:small"><font size=3D"2">Jeremy Coleman</font></div><div c= lass=3D"gmail_default" style=3D"font-size:small"><font size=3D"2">Shelburne= Falls</font></div></div><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div dir=3D"ltr" cl= ass=3D"gmail_attr">On Sat, Apr 23, 2022 at 12:37 PM pavulaan via MassLep &l= t;<a href=3D"mailto:<masslep...>"><masslep...></a>&= gt; wrote:<br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0= px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"> <div style=3D"color:black;font:10pt arial">Spring greetings:<br> <br> <div style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica;font-size:10pt;color:black"><font= size=3D"2"> <div id=3D"gmail-m_6918848259305000617yiv2197023889"> <div> <div> <div>I=E2=80=99m pleased to announce publication of The Taxonomic Report Vo= l. 10, No. 2.=C2=A0 This is a TTR =E2=80=98Notes on Eastern North American = Lepidoptera=E2=80=99 issue with three reports.=C2=A0 I am forwarding this t= o Masslep because I've seen more frequent images of what appear to be s= pring form Summer Azures appearing in New England.=C2=A0 Hopefully, the att= ached paper will help folks distinguish Summer Azures flying among Spring A= zures.=C2=A0 In many areas of the Virginia and Maryland Piedmont, Spring Az= ures (<span style=3D"font-style:italic">C. ladon</span>) have disappeared d= ue to demise of their host, Flowering Dogwood, due to Dogwood Anthracnose.= =C2=A0 The Summer Azure (<span style=3D"font-style:italic">C. neglecta</spa= n>) has developed a full spring brood and has essentially become our "= Spring Azure", thus replacing the original Spring Azure in its ecologi= cal niche.</div> <div> =C2=A0</div> =20 <ol style=3D"margin-top:0in" type=3D"1" start=3D"1"> <li>=E2=80=98<i>Celastrina ladon</i> and <i>C. neglecta</i> are distinct species differentiated primarily by a diagn= ostic wing scale structure, voltinism, and host tolerance of <i>Cornus florida</i>=E2=80=99 by Harry Pavulaan.</li></ol> <div> =C2=A0</div> =20 <div>While most people in the realm of butterfly study/observation now reco= gnize the Spring (<i>C. ladon</i>) and Summer (<i>C. neglecta</i>) Azures a= s distinct species, there is still confusion over how to distinguish them f= rom each other.=C2=A0 There are also =E2=80=9Choldouts=E2=80=9D that, despite several papers on = the topic and most field guides now separating these as full species =E2=80= =93 still insist that the differences are merely individual variation and n= eed more =E2=80=9Cproof=E2=80=9D to understand the clear differences.=C2=A0 This paper attempts, in the clearest terms, to present these obvious diffe= rences.=C2=A0 An especial thanks to members of MDLepsOdes who provided a gr= eat many =E2=80=9CSpring=E2=80=9D Azure images (most of which happened to b= e Summer Azures).=C2=A0 It was difficult deciding which =E2=80=9Clive=E2=80= =9D images to use in the paper.</div> <div><br> </div> <div>One word of caution for Massachusetts butterfliers:=C2=A0 Spring Azure= s (<span style=3D"font-style:italic">C. ladon</span>) take on the appearanc= e of <span style=3D"font-style:italic">C. lucia</span> (Northern Spring Azu= re) in southern New England.=C2=A0 They frequently develop both dark patche= s and dark margins on the underside of the hindwings, as well as just showi= ng the spotted form (which is illustrated in the attached paper).=C2=A0 How= ever, it is the male forewing upperside that distinguishes the Spring Azure= .=C2=A0 When one encounters a spring form Summer Azure (<span style=3D"font= -style:italic">C. neglecta</span>), these are characterized by their very w= hite underside and reduced spot pattern.=C2=A0 They will fly among the Spri= ng Azures.=C2=A0 Not to be confused with the Cherry Gall Azure (<span style= =3D"font-style:italic">C. serotina</span>), that appears similar to both Sp= ring and Summer Azures, but emerges later - in May.=C2=A0=C2=A0</div> <div><br> </div> <div>DNA work has been underway on all North American Azures and will be pu= blished sometime soon.=C2=A0 Regardless of similar appearances, the study s= upports separating these as full species.</div> <div> =C2=A0</div> =20 <ol style=3D"margin-top:0in" type=3D"1" start=3D"2"> <li>=E2=80=98A rare case of mosaic gynandromorphism in the Zabulon Skipper = (<i>Lon zabulon</i>)=E2=80=99 by Annette Allor.</li></ol> <div> =C2=A0</div> =20 <div>This was a fascinating discovery last year by Annette Allor.=C2=A0 It = is a rare case of mixed male/female features in a Skipper butterfly, and ma= y be the only published case of this happening in North America among the S= kippers, though there is one case of bilateral gynandromorphism that I am aware of.=C2=A0 This r= eport also highlights the value of photographic documentation of natural hi= story experiences.=C2=A0 My thanks to Annette for bringing this to my atten= tion!</div> <div> =C2=A0</div> =20 <ol style=3D"margin-top:0in" type=3D"1" start=3D"3"> <li>=E2=80=98Rhode Island, USA Fall Lepidoptera Survey 2021=E2=80=99 by Har= ry Pavulaan (coordinator)=E2=80=99.</li></ol> <div> =C2=A0</div> =20 <div>While butterfly counts abound, mainly around July 4<sup>th</sup>, an a= ttempt was made to document lepidoptera activity in the Fall of 2021, in Rh= ode Island.=C2=A0 The survey period focused on Sept. 18-Oct. 10, a time dur= ing which lepidopteran migratory activity is at a peak, and fall broods are in full flight.=C2=A0= A complete list from several direct participants is compiled, and addition= al reports from iNaturalist and the R.I. Butterflies and Moths Facebook gro= up are included.</div> <div> =C2=A0</div> =20 <div>Thanks to all who have provided support to TILS!=C2=A0 </div> <div> =C2=A0</div> =20 <div>Harry Pavulaan</div> <div> =C2=A0</div> =20 <div>Sent from <a rel=3D"nofollow noopener noreferrer" href=3D"https://go.m= icrosoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=3D550986" target=3D"_blank"> Mail</a> for Windows</div> <div> =C2=A0</div> =20 </div> </div> </div> </font></div> </div> <p></p> -- <br> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups &= quot;MassLep" group.<br> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an e= mail to <a href=3D"mailto:masslep+<unsubscribe...>" target=3D"_= blank">masslep+<unsubscribe...></a>.<br> To view this discussion on the web visit <a href=3D"https://groups.google.c= om/d/msgid/masslep/<424788534.347689.1650731858666...>?utm_medi= um=3Demail&utm_source=3Dfooter" target=3D"_blank">https://groups.google= .com/d/msgid/masslep/<424788534.347689.1650731858666...></a>.<b= r> </blockquote></div> <p></p> -- <br /> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups &= quot;MassLep" group.<br /> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an e= mail to <a href=3D"mailto:masslep+<unsubscribe...>">masslep+uns= <ubscribe...></a>.<br /> To view this discussion on the web visit <a href=3D"https://groups.google.c= om/d/msgid/masslep/CAOn0--mc%3DMEavo-oz71VHN08VKN5%2BNAu9zhg19%2BJ4VP0wYxcw= <w...>?utm_medium=3Demail&utm_source=3Dfooter">https://groups.g= oogle.com/d/msgid/masslep/CAOn0--mc%3DMEavo-oz71VHN08VKN5%2BNAu9zhg19%2BJ4V= <P0wYxcww...></a>.<br /> --0000000000007d0f8405dd58374c-- |
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